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Consider the following infrastructure details regarding the upgraded Muzaffarpur–Sitamarhi–Sonbarsa section of NH-22:
It intersects with National Highway-27 (NH-27), which constitutes a part of the East-West Corridor at Muzaffarpur.
The corridor includes a 340-metre major bridge over the perennial Bagmati River.
The project connects five economic nodes, including four industrial estates and a Mega Food Park.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- A
1 and 2 only
- B
2 and 3 only
- C
1 and 3 only
- D
1, 2, and 3
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct: At Muzaffarpur, NH-22 intersects NH-27, an integral part of the East-West Corridor.
Statement 2 is correct: The engineering profile includes seven major bridges, highlighted by a 340-metre bridge across the Bagmati River.
Statement 3 is correct: Designed under PM GatiShakti, it integrates five economic nodes, consisting of four industrial estates and one Mega Food Park, along with Muzaffarpur and Sitamarhi railway stations.
Why other options are incorrect: Options (a), (b), and (c) do not encompass all factual structural features verified in the text.
Based on the measurements verified by the National Hydrographic Office and the Survey of India (as utilized by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways in 2025-26), what is the revised length of India’s coastline?
- A
7,516.60 km
- B
9,230.45 km
- C
11,098.81 km
- D
12,540.20 km
Explanation
According to the source context, the coastline was remeasured and verified at 11,098.81 km in April 2025. This figure supersedes the earlier estimate of approximately 7,500 km that had been used since the 1970s. This updated data is critical for Maritime India Vision 2030 and Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047.
Which set of climatic features is ideal for cultivating Wheat?
- A
Extremely high tropical humidity with stagnant standing water year-round
- B
Moderate temperature and rainfall during growth with bright sunshine at harvest
- C
Freezing sub-zero temperatures during harvest with zero sunshine
- D
Arid desert heat with less than 5 cm annual rainfall
Explanation
Wheat requires temperate/moderate conditions during growth and clear, sunny weather during ripening and harvest
Where is the asteroid belt located within the solar system?
- A
Between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter
- B
Between the orbits of Mercury and Venus
- C
Beyond the orbit of Neptune
- D
Between the Sun and Mercury
Explanation
The asteroid belt, containing countless rocky objects orbiting the Sun, lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. Option B is incorrect as this region does not correspond to the asteroid belt's actual location. Option C is incorrect since the region beyond Neptune is associated with other distant objects, not the main asteroid belt. Option D is incorrect because the area between the Sun and Mercury does not contain the asteroid belt.
Consider the following statements about weathering and mass movement:
Exfoliation may result from pressure release and unloading of overlying material.
Solifluction is the slow downslope movement of water-saturated soil, commonly in periglacial environments.
A rockfall involves the free fall or bouncing of detached rock fragments down a steep slope.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- A
1, 2 and 3
- B
1 and 2 only
- C
1 and 3 only
- D
2 and 3 only
Explanation
All three statements are correct. Exfoliation can follow unloading, solifluction is a slow flow of saturated surface material, and rockfall is a rapid form of mass wasting.
How many districts has the government flagged as being of 'primary concern' for agricultural vulnerability due to the impact of the 'super El Niño' as of June 2026?
- A
88
- B
111
- C
137
- D
150
Explanation
The government has specifically flagged 111 districts as being of "primary concern" regarding agricultural vulnerability and crop damage due to the El Niño effect.
Consider the following statements about plate tectonics:
1. Oceanic crust is generally younger than continental crust.
2. Transform boundaries are commonly associated with the creation of new crust.
3. Subduction occurs where a denser lithospheric plate descends beneath another plate.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- A
1 and 3 only
- B
1 and 2 only
- C
2 and 3 only
- D
1, 2 and 3
With reference to Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) and Himalayan monitoring models, consider the following statements:
A 2021 study involving IIT Roorkee and IISc Bengaluru explicitly flagged the instability of South Lhonak Lake in Sikkim prior to its eventual burst.
The current early-warning systems on rivers like the Bhote Koshi are specifically designed to detect sudden ice-and-rock avalanches.
The Swiss monitoring model, utilized during the 2025 Blatten collapse, provides a replicable framework for the Himalayas despite geological differences.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- A
1 and 2 only
- B
2 and 3 only
- C
1 and 3 only
- D
1, 2 and 3
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct; the 2021 study by a consortium including IIT Roorkee and IISc Bengaluru flagged South Lhonak Lake. Statement 3 is correct; the 2025 experience in Blatten, Switzerland, proved that advance monitoring and evacuation work, refuting the idea that geological differences make the model irrelevant. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Bhote Koshi system was designed to track gradual movement of glacial water and could not detect the sudden surge of debris.
What primary factor has contributed most to transforming the modern world into a "Global Village"?
- A
The complete elimination of physical borders between nations.
- B
Rapid advancements in transport speed and digital communication networks.
- C
The replacement of urban cities with rural farming villages globally.
- D
The decline of maritime international trade.
Explanation
The concept of a Global Village has become possible because of fast transportation and instant digital communication, allowing people, goods, and information to move quickly across the world
In the context of a Farm System, which of the following represents an Operational Process rather than an Input or Output?
- A
Chemical Fertilizers
- B
Sowing and Weeding
- C
Harvested Wheat Grain
- D
Tractor Machinery
Explanation
Fertilizers and machinery are inputs; harvested grain is an output. Sowing, ploughing, irrigation, and weeding are operational processes within the farm system
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