Constitution

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1.To whom does the President of India address their resignation letter?
  • AThe Chief Justice of India
  • BThe Prime Minister of India
  • CThe Speaker of the Lok Sabha
  • DThe Vice-President of India

Explanation

According to Article 56(1)(a) of the Constitution, the President may, by writing under their hand addressed to the Vice-President, resign from office.
2.Which of the following is NOT a restriction on the freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(2) of the Indian Constitution?
  • ASovereignty and integrity of India
  • BSecurity of the State
  • CFriendly relations with foreign States
  • DRight to property

Explanation

Article 19(2) of the Indian Constitution lists several restrictions on the freedom of speech and expression, including sovereignty and integrity of India, security of the State, and friendly relations with foreign States. However, right to property is not a restriction listed under Article 19(2).
3.

Consider the following statements about the Committee on the Welfare of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes of the Parliament of India:

  1. Twenty members are elected by the and ten members by the Although members of of this Committee are elected from both Houses of Parliament, the Chairperson of this Committee is appointed by the Chairman of the Rajya S Rajya Sabha.

  2. Twenty members are elected by the Rajya Sabha and ten members by the Lok Sabha.

  3. No Minister, except for the Union Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment, is eligible to be a member of this Committee.

  4. Members are elected for a fixed term of two years from the date they enter their office.

Which one of the following conclusions based on the above statements is correct?

  • AThere are four correct statements.
  • BThere is only one correct statement, that is statement 2.
  • CThere are two correct statements, that include statement 1.
  • DThere is no correct statement.
4.Regarding the Ordinance-making power of the President under Article 123 of the Indian Constitution, consider the following statements: 1. An ordinance can be retrospective in nature and can even amend or repeal any act of Parliament or another ordinance. 2. The President’s satisfaction under Article 123 in issuing an ordinance is final and immune from judicial review as per the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978. 3. If Parliament takes no action at all, an ordinance ceases to operate on the expiry of six weeks from the reassembly of Parliament. Which of the statements given above are correct?
  • A1 and 2 only
  • B2 and 3 only
  • C1 and 3 only
  • D1, 2 and 3

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct; an ordinance possesses the same force and effect as an Act of Parliament and can be retrospective or amend/repeal existing acts. Statement 2 is incorrect. The 38th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1975 made the President's satisfaction final and immune to judicial review. However, this provision was deleted by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1978, establishing that the President’s satisfaction is subject to judicial review on grounds of malafide intentions (as upheld in the Cooper and D.C. Wadhwa cases). Statement 3 is correct; if no action is taken by Parliament, the maximum life of an ordinance is six months and six weeks.
5.What is the primary purpose of Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution?
  • ATo protect the right to property
  • BTo promote the right to education
  • CTo safeguard the freedom of speech and expression
  • DTo ensure the right to equality

Explanation

Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution safeguards the freedom of speech and expression, which is a fundamental right of all citizens.
6.With reference to the impeachment of the President of India, consider the following statements: 1. The charge of impeachment can be initiated by either House of Parliament. 2. Nominated members of either House of Parliament cannot participate in the impeachment process. 3. The Constitution of India does not define the phrase 'violation of the Constitution'. Which of the statements given above are correct?
  • A1 and 2 only
  • B1 and 3 only
  • C2 and 3 only
  • D1, 2 and 3

Explanation

Statements 1 and 3 are correct. The impeachment process (Article 61) can be initiated by either House of Parliament. The Constitution does not define the phrase 'violation of the Constitution'. Statement 2 is incorrect because nominated members of either House of Parliament can participate in the impeachment process, even though they do not participate in the President's election.
7.Which of the following freedoms is NOT included in Article 19 of the Indian Constitution?
  • AFreedom of Speech and Expression
  • BFreedom of Assembly
  • CFreedom of Trade and Commerce
  • DFreedom of Residence

Explanation

Article 19 of the Indian Constitution includes six freedoms: freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession. Freedom of Trade and Commerce is included in Article 301, not Article 19.
8.Under which Article of the Constitution of India can the President be impeached?
  • AArticle 52
  • BArticle 61
  • CArticle 72
  • DArticle 74

Explanation

Article 61 of the Indian Constitution outlines the detailed procedure for the impeachment of the President of India on the ground of 'violation of the Constitution'.
9.Which of the following is a ground for restricting the freedom of assembly under Article 19(3) of the Indian Constitution?
  • ASovereignty and integrity of India
  • BPublic order
  • CMorality
  • DAll of the above

Explanation

Article 19(3) of the Indian Constitution lists several grounds for restricting the freedom of assembly, including sovereignty and integrity of India, public order, and morality.
10.With reference to the Pardoning Power of the President of India under Article 72, consider the following statements: 1. The President is the only authority in India who can pardon a death sentence. 2. The President can grant pardon in cases where the punishment or sentence is by a Court Martial. 3. The President exercises this power independently of the advice of the Union Cabinet. Which of the statements given above are correct?
  • A1 and 2 only
  • B2 and 3 only
  • C1 and 3 only
  • D1, 2 and 3

Explanation

Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Under Article 72, the President is the only authority who can pardon a death sentence (Governors can suspend, remit, or commute, but cannot pardon it). The President also has exclusive power regarding Court Martial sentences. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Supreme Court has ruled that the President, while exercising pardoning power, acts on the advice of the Union Cabinet and not independently.

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